Lipophilicity is a chemical property that describes the affinity of a substance for lipids or fats, as opposed to water. It quantifies how well a compound can dissolve in non-polar solvents (like oils) compared to polar solvents (like water).
Lipophilicity is important in various fields, including pharmacology. It influences the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. Compounds with higher lipophilicity are often more readily absorbed through biological membranes, which can enhance their efficacy. It is a measure of how readily a compound can pass through cell membranes and move through the body, as substances that are lipophilic tend to be absorbed more easily. Lipophilicity is an important factor in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of drugs, as it can affect their distribution, metabolism, and overall effectiveness in the body.
Lipophilicity is often expressed using the partition coefficient (log P or log D), which compares the concentration of a compound in a lipid (organic solvent) to its concentration in water at equilibrium. A high log P value indicates high lipophilicity, while a low or negative log P value indicates hydrophilicity.
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